![]() ![]() the retirement slump should be positive for an incumbency advantage to exist.Įffort of members of congress to help individuals and groups when they have difficulties with federal agencies. Refers to the avg fall off in the party's vote when the incumbent retires. sig: interest groups provide pressure and votes to committees who provide benefits to interest groupsĪ house or senate seat with no incumbent because death or retirement. set up qualifications, examinations, and procedures for filling many government jobs.Ĭlose stable connections among agencies, interest groups, and congressional commitees. significance: there is not a check on this īefore: soon to be ousted presidents "blanket in their supporters, making it impossible for successors to replace them with patronage party." this legislation in 1883 created the civil service commission. ![]() The orders the president can enact aren't specifically mentioned in the constitution or that aren't directed by congress. sig: a presidents ideas and policies are more likely to succeed during this time period The honeymoon period are the first few months of a presidential term aka a presidents "first 100 days" during this time period congress displays more receptivity and public and media show more cooperation. ensures a malicious candidate won't take the state could be undemocratic, because votes aren't set. Members picked for the electoral college that pledge to vote one way but vote the opposite. media coverage has shifted from a policy frame to a game frame. Media focus on who is winning and losing not on the issues. broke down in 1824 election because a larger swing towards popular vote. defense: congress was more qualified to make decisions. Partisan caucases within congress to select their presidential candidate, led to modern electoral process. ![]()
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